Files
israel-law-mcp/scripts/lib/parser.ts
2026-02-27 09:09:50 +01:00

1422 lines
58 KiB
TypeScript

/**
* Multi-format parser for Israeli legislation.
*
* Handles two content formats:
* 1. HTML -- from UCI mirror (Privacy Protection Law)
* 2. Plain text -- from pdftotext extraction (Computer Law, Basic Law)
*
* Israeli laws use "Section N" numbering, not "Article N".
* Basic Laws use numbered sections without the "Section" prefix in some formats.
*/
// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Interfaces
// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
export interface ActIndexEntry {
id: string;
lawName: string;
year: number;
title: string;
titleEn: string;
abbreviation: string;
status: 'in_force' | 'amended' | 'repealed' | 'not_yet_in_force';
issuedDate: string;
inForceDate: string;
url: string;
}
export interface ParsedProvision {
provision_ref: string;
chapter?: string;
section: string;
title: string;
content: string;
}
export interface ParsedDefinition {
term: string;
definition: string;
source_provision?: string;
}
export interface ParsedAct {
id: string;
type: 'statute';
title: string;
title_en: string;
short_name: string;
status: 'in_force' | 'amended' | 'repealed' | 'not_yet_in_force';
issued_date: string;
in_force_date: string;
url: string;
description?: string;
provisions: ParsedProvision[];
definitions: ParsedDefinition[];
}
// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
// HTML utilities
// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
function stripHtml(html: string): string {
return html
.replace(/<[^>]+>/g, ' ')
.replace(/&nbsp;/g, ' ')
.replace(/&amp;/g, '&')
.replace(/&lt;/g, '<')
.replace(/&gt;/g, '>')
.replace(/&quot;/g, '"')
.replace(/&#39;/g, "'")
.replace(/\s+/g, ' ')
.trim();
}
function normalizeText(text: string): string {
return text.replace(/\s+/g, ' ').trim();
}
// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
// HTML Parser -- for UCI mirror format (Privacy Protection Law)
//
// Structure: <B>N. Title</B> ... <P><B>N+1. Title</B>
// Chapters: <B>CHAPTER ...: ...</B>
// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
export function parsePrivacyLawHtml(html: string, act: ActIndexEntry): ParsedAct {
const provisions: ParsedProvision[] = [];
const definitions: ParsedDefinition[] = [];
// Extract the law body (inside the main table)
const bodyMatch = html.match(/PROTECTION OF PRIVACY LAW[\s\S]*?(?=<\/TD>\s*<\/TR>\s*<\/TABLE>\s*<BR>)/i);
const body = bodyMatch ? bodyMatch[0] : html;
let currentChapter = '';
// Split by bold section numbers: <B>N. or <B><a name=...>N.
// Pattern: <B> optionally <a name="..."></a> then section number. title</B>
const sectionPattern = /<B>(?:<a[^>]*><\/a>)?\s*(\d+[A-Z]?)\.\s+([^<]+)<\/B>/gi;
const chapterPattern = /<B>\s*(CHAPTER\s+[^:]+:\s*[^<]+)<\/B>/gi;
// First, collect chapter positions
const chapters: Array<{ pos: number; name: string }> = [];
let chMatch;
while ((chMatch = chapterPattern.exec(body)) !== null) {
chapters.push({ pos: chMatch.index, name: normalizeText(stripHtml(chMatch[1])) });
}
// Also collect article positions (Article One: Data Bases, Article Two: Direct Mail)
const articlePattern = /<B>\s*(Article\s+[^:]+:\s*[^<]+)<\/B>/gi;
while ((chMatch = articlePattern.exec(body)) !== null) {
chapters.push({ pos: chMatch.index, name: normalizeText(stripHtml(chMatch[1])) });
}
chapters.sort((a, b) => a.pos - b.pos);
// Collect all section matches
const sectionMatches: Array<{ pos: number; num: string; title: string }> = [];
let secMatch;
while ((secMatch = sectionPattern.exec(body)) !== null) {
sectionMatches.push({
pos: secMatch.index,
num: secMatch[1].trim(),
title: normalizeText(stripHtml(secMatch[2])),
});
}
// For each section, determine its chapter and extract content
for (let i = 0; i < sectionMatches.length; i++) {
const sec = sectionMatches[i];
const nextSec = sectionMatches[i + 1];
// Determine chapter for this section
for (const ch of chapters) {
if (ch.pos < sec.pos) {
currentChapter = ch.name;
}
}
// Extract content between this section and next section
const startPos = sec.pos;
const endPos = nextSec ? nextSec.pos : body.length;
const rawContent = body.substring(startPos, endPos);
const content = normalizeText(stripHtml(rawContent));
if (content.length > 10) {
const provRef = `sec${sec.num}`;
provisions.push({
provision_ref: provRef,
chapter: currentChapter || undefined,
section: sec.num,
title: sec.title,
content: content.substring(0, 8000),
});
// Extract definitions from Section 3 and Section 7 (definition sections)
if (sec.num === '3' || sec.num === '7' || sec.num === '17C') {
extractDefinitionsFromContent(content, provRef, definitions);
}
}
}
return {
id: act.id,
type: 'statute',
title: act.title,
title_en: act.titleEn,
short_name: act.abbreviation,
status: act.status,
issued_date: act.issuedDate,
in_force_date: act.inForceDate,
url: act.url,
provisions,
definitions,
};
}
// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Plain-text Parser -- for pdftotext output (Computer Law, Basic Law)
//
// Computer Law format:
// "Section N\n\nTitle text\n\nN. content..."
// or just "N. content..."
//
// Basic Law format:
// "Title label\n\nN. content..."
// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
export function parseComputerLawText(text: string, act: ActIndexEntry): ParsedAct {
const provisions: ParsedProvision[] = [];
const definitions: ParsedDefinition[] = [];
// The Computer Law PDF from UNODC has a two-part structure:
// 1. Table of Contents (contains "Section N" + "Go" lines)
// 2. Actual law text starting with "Computers Law, 5755"
// We skip the ToC and parse only the actual law text.
const lawTextStart = text.indexOf('Computers Law, 5755');
const lawText = lawTextStart >= 0 ? text.substring(lawTextStart) : text;
let currentChapter = '';
const lines = lawText.split('\n');
const sections: Array<{ num: string; title: string; content: string; chapter: string }> = [];
let currentSection: { num: string; title: string; content: string; chapter: string } | null = null;
// Track marginal note lines (title labels that appear before section numbers)
let marginalNoteLines: string[] = [];
for (let i = 0; i < lines.length; i++) {
const line = lines[i].trim();
// Detect chapter headings
const chapterMatch = line.match(/^Chapter\s+(One|Two|Three|Four|Five|Six|Seven|Eight|Nine|Ten|\w+):\s*(.+)/i);
if (chapterMatch) {
currentChapter = normalizeText(line);
marginalNoteLines = [];
continue;
}
// Pattern 1: "N." alone on a line (section number with content on next line)
// This is the common PDF format where the number is isolated
const sectionAloneMatch = line.match(/^(\d+[A-Za-z]?)\.\s*$/);
if (sectionAloneMatch) {
// Save previous section
if (currentSection) {
sections.push(currentSection);
}
// The marginal note lines before this number are the title
const titleCandidates = marginalNoteLines.filter((l) =>
l.length > 0 && l.length < 100
&& !l.match(/^Chapter\s+/i) && !l.match(/^Go$/i)
&& !l.match(/^Section\s+\d+/) && !l.match(/^Clause\s+/i)
&& !l.match(/^\*/) && !l.match(/^Contents$/)
&& !l.match(/^\d+$/) && !l.match(/^Computers Law/i)
&& !l.match(/^Published in/i)
);
const title = normalizeText(titleCandidates.join(' '));
currentSection = {
num: sectionAloneMatch[1],
title: title,
content: '',
chapter: currentChapter,
};
marginalNoteLines = [];
continue;
}
// Pattern 2: "N. (a) content" or "N. Content text" on the same line
const sectionInlineMatch = line.match(/^(\d+[A-Za-z]?)\.\s+(.+)/);
if (sectionInlineMatch) {
// Check this isn't a page footnote like "* Published in..."
if (sectionInlineMatch[2].match(/^Published in/i)) {
continue;
}
// Save previous section
if (currentSection) {
sections.push(currentSection);
}
// Marginal note = title
const titleCandidates = marginalNoteLines.filter((l) =>
l.length > 0 && l.length < 100
&& !l.match(/^Chapter\s+/i) && !l.match(/^Go$/i)
&& !l.match(/^Section\s+\d+/) && !l.match(/^Clause\s+/i)
&& !l.match(/^\*/) && !l.match(/^Contents$/)
&& !l.match(/^\d+$/) && !l.match(/^Computers Law/i)
);
const title = normalizeText(titleCandidates.join(' '));
currentSection = {
num: sectionInlineMatch[1],
title: title,
content: normalizeText(sectionInlineMatch[0]),
chapter: currentChapter,
};
marginalNoteLines = [];
continue;
}
// Accumulate content for current section
if (currentSection && line.length > 0) {
// Skip page numbers (standalone digits), headers, and footnote markers
if (line.match(/^\d+$/) && line.length <= 3) continue;
if (line.match(/^Computers Law, 1995/i)) continue;
currentSection.content += ' ' + normalizeText(line);
} else if (!currentSection && line.length > 0) {
// Track marginal note lines (before any section starts, or between sections)
if (!line.match(/^Go$/i) && !line.match(/^Section\s+\d+/)
&& !line.match(/^Computers Law/i) && !line.match(/^\d+$/)
&& !line.match(/^\*$/) && !line.match(/^Published in/i)) {
marginalNoteLines.push(line);
} else {
// Reset on non-title lines
if (line.match(/^Go$/i) || line.match(/^Section\s+\d+/)) {
marginalNoteLines = [];
}
}
} else if (line.length === 0 && !currentSection) {
// Empty line resets marginal notes only if we haven't started collecting them recently
// Keep them -- marginal notes can span across blank lines in PDF
}
}
// Save last section
if (currentSection) {
sections.push(currentSection);
}
for (const sec of sections) {
const content = normalizeText(sec.content);
if (content.length > 10) {
provisions.push({
provision_ref: `sec${sec.num}`,
chapter: sec.chapter || undefined,
section: sec.num,
title: sec.title,
content: content.substring(0, 8000),
});
// Extract definitions from Section 1 (uses regular quotes in PDF text)
if (sec.num === '1') {
extractDefinitionsFromPlainText(content, `sec${sec.num}`, definitions);
}
}
}
return {
id: act.id,
type: 'statute',
title: act.title,
title_en: act.titleEn,
short_name: act.abbreviation,
status: act.status,
issued_date: act.issuedDate,
in_force_date: act.inForceDate,
url: act.url,
provisions,
definitions,
};
}
export function parseBasicLawText(text: string, act: ActIndexEntry): ParsedAct {
const provisions: ParsedProvision[] = [];
const definitions: ParsedDefinition[] = [];
// Basic Law format from Knesset PDF:
// "Title label\n\n1.\n\nContent text..."
// or "Title label\n\n1. Content text..."
const lines = text.split('\n');
const sections: Array<{ num: string; title: string; content: string }> = [];
let currentSection: { num: string; title: string; content: string } | null = null;
for (let i = 0; i < lines.length; i++) {
const line = lines[i].trim();
// Detect section start: "N." at start of line
const sectionMatch = line.match(/^(\d+[a-z]?)\.\s*(.*)/);
if (sectionMatch) {
// Look back for title (marginal label)
let title = '';
for (let j = i - 1; j >= Math.max(0, i - 4); j--) {
const prevLine = lines[j].trim();
if (prevLine.length > 0 && !prevLine.match(/^\d+[a-z]?\.\s/)
&& !prevLine.match(/^\(Amendment/) && prevLine.length < 100) {
title = prevLine + (title ? ' ' + title : '');
} else if (prevLine.length === 0 && title.length > 0) {
break;
}
}
// Save previous section
if (currentSection) {
sections.push(currentSection);
}
currentSection = {
num: sectionMatch[1],
title: normalizeText(title),
content: sectionMatch[2] ? normalizeText(sectionMatch[0]) : '',
};
continue;
}
// Accumulate content
if (currentSection && line.length > 0) {
// Skip header / footer lines
if (line.match(/^BASIC-LAW:/i)) continue;
if (line.match(/^This unofficial/i)) continue;
if (line.match(/^For the full/i)) continue;
if (line.match(/^Special thanks/i)) continue;
currentSection.content += ' ' + normalizeText(line);
}
}
if (currentSection) {
sections.push(currentSection);
}
for (const sec of sections) {
const content = normalizeText(sec.content);
if (content.length > 10) {
provisions.push({
provision_ref: `sec${sec.num}`,
chapter: undefined,
section: sec.num,
title: sec.title,
content: content.substring(0, 8000),
});
}
}
return {
id: act.id,
type: 'statute',
title: act.title,
title_en: act.titleEn,
short_name: act.abbreviation,
status: act.status,
issued_date: act.issuedDate,
in_force_date: act.inForceDate,
url: act.url,
provisions,
definitions,
};
}
// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Definition extractors
// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
function extractDefinitionsFromContent(
content: string,
sourceProvision: string,
definitions: ParsedDefinition[],
): void {
// Pattern: "term" - definition text; or "term" has the meaning...
const defPattern = /["\u201c]([^"\u201d]+)["\u201d]\s*[-\u2013\u2014]\s*([^;]+(?:;|$))/g;
let match;
while ((match = defPattern.exec(content)) !== null) {
const term = normalizeText(match[1]);
const definition = normalizeText(match[2]).replace(/;$/, '').trim();
if (term.length > 1 && term.length < 80 && definition.length > 5) {
// Avoid duplicates
if (!definitions.some((d) => d.term === term)) {
definitions.push({ term, definition, source_provision: sourceProvision });
}
}
}
}
function extractDefinitionsFromPlainText(
content: string,
sourceProvision: string,
definitions: ParsedDefinition[],
): void {
// Computer Law definitions format (PDF uses regular quotes):
// "computer material" - software or information;
// Also handle curly quotes from other sources
const patterns = [
/["\u201c]([^"\u201d]+)["\u201d]\s*[-\u2013\u2014]+\s*([^;]+;)/g,
/"([^"]+)"\s*[-\u2013\u2014]+\s*([^;]+;)/g,
];
const seen = new Set<string>();
for (const defPattern of patterns) {
let match;
while ((match = defPattern.exec(content)) !== null) {
const term = normalizeText(match[1]);
const definition = normalizeText(match[2]).replace(/;$/, '').trim();
if (term.length > 1 && term.length < 80 && definition.length > 5 && !seen.has(term)) {
seen.add(term);
if (!definitions.some((d) => d.term === term)) {
definitions.push({ term, definition, source_provision: sourceProvision });
}
}
}
}
}
// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Generic HTML parser (fallback for future sources)
// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
export function parseIsraeliLawHtml(html: string, act: ActIndexEntry): ParsedAct {
// Route to the appropriate specific parser based on act ID
if (act.id === 'privacy-protection-law-1981') {
return parsePrivacyLawHtml(html, act);
}
// Generic fallback: try to split by bold section numbers
const provisions: ParsedProvision[] = [];
const definitions: ParsedDefinition[] = [];
let currentChapter = '';
const sectionPattern = /<B>(?:<a[^>]*><\/a>)?\s*(\d+[A-Z]?)\.\s+([^<]+)<\/B>/gi;
const chapterPattern = /<B>\s*(CHAPTER\s+[^:]+:\s*[^<]+)<\/B>/gi;
const chapters: Array<{ pos: number; name: string }> = [];
let chMatch;
while ((chMatch = chapterPattern.exec(html)) !== null) {
chapters.push({ pos: chMatch.index, name: normalizeText(stripHtml(chMatch[1])) });
}
const sectionMatches: Array<{ pos: number; num: string; title: string }> = [];
let secMatch;
while ((secMatch = sectionPattern.exec(html)) !== null) {
sectionMatches.push({
pos: secMatch.index,
num: secMatch[1].trim(),
title: normalizeText(stripHtml(secMatch[2])),
});
}
for (let i = 0; i < sectionMatches.length; i++) {
const sec = sectionMatches[i];
const nextSec = sectionMatches[i + 1];
for (const ch of chapters) {
if (ch.pos < sec.pos) currentChapter = ch.name;
}
const startPos = sec.pos;
const endPos = nextSec ? nextSec.pos : html.length;
const content = normalizeText(stripHtml(html.substring(startPos, endPos)));
if (content.length > 10) {
provisions.push({
provision_ref: `sec${sec.num}`,
chapter: currentChapter || undefined,
section: sec.num,
title: sec.title,
content: content.substring(0, 8000),
});
}
}
return {
id: act.id,
type: 'statute',
title: act.title,
title_en: act.titleEn,
short_name: act.abbreviation,
status: act.status,
issued_date: act.issuedDate,
in_force_date: act.inForceDate,
url: act.url,
provisions,
definitions,
};
}
// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Key Israeli Acts -- updated with correct Knesset OData IDs and
// accessible English source URLs
// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
export const KEY_ISRAELI_ACTS: ActIndexEntry[] = [
// ═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
// EXISTING 10 LAWS (unchanged)
// ═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
{
id: 'privacy-protection-law-1981',
lawName: 'Privacy Protection Law',
year: 1981,
title: '\u05d7\u05d5\u05e7 \u05d4\u05d2\u05e0\u05ea \u05d4\u05e4\u05e8\u05d8\u05d9\u05d5\u05ea, \u05ea\u05e9\u05de"\u05d0-1981',
titleEn: 'Protection of Privacy Law, 5741-1981',
abbreviation: 'PPL',
status: 'in_force',
issuedDate: '1981-03-11',
inForceDate: '1981-09-11',
url: 'https://ics.uci.edu/~kobsa/privacy/israel.htm',
},
{
id: 'data-security-regulations-2017',
lawName: 'Protection of Privacy Regulations (Data Security)',
year: 2017,
title: '\u05ea\u05e7\u05e0\u05d5\u05ea \u05d4\u05d2\u05e0\u05ea \u05d4\u05e4\u05e8\u05d8\u05d9\u05d5\u05ea (\u05d0\u05d1\u05d8\u05d7\u05ea \u05de\u05d9\u05d3\u05e2), \u05ea\u05e9\u05e2"\u05d6-2017',
titleEn: 'Protection of Privacy Regulations (Data Security), 5777-2017',
abbreviation: 'DSR',
status: 'in_force',
issuedDate: '2017-03-21',
inForceDate: '2018-05-08',
url: 'https://www.gov.il/en/departments/legalinfo/data_security_regulation',
},
{
id: 'computer-law-1995',
lawName: 'Computers Law',
year: 1995,
title: '\u05d7\u05d5\u05e7 \u05d4\u05de\u05d7\u05e9\u05d1\u05d9\u05dd, \u05ea\u05e9\u05e0"\u05d4-1995',
titleEn: 'Computers Law, 5755-1995',
abbreviation: 'CL',
status: 'in_force',
issuedDate: '1995-07-25',
inForceDate: '1995-10-25',
url: 'https://www.unodc.org/cld/uploads/res/document/computer-law_html/Israel_Computers_Law_5755_1995.pdf',
},
{
id: 'basic-law-human-dignity-1992',
lawName: 'Basic Law: Human Dignity and Liberty',
year: 1992,
title: '\u05d7\u05d5\u05e7 \u05d9\u05e1\u05d5\u05d3: \u05db\u05d1\u05d5\u05d3 \u05d4\u05d0\u05d3\u05dd \u05d5\u05d7\u05d9\u05e8\u05d5\u05ea\u05d5',
titleEn: 'Basic Law: Human Dignity and Liberty, 5752-1992',
abbreviation: 'BL-HDL',
status: 'in_force',
issuedDate: '1992-03-17',
inForceDate: '1992-03-17',
url: 'https://m.knesset.gov.il/EN/activity/documents/BasicLawsPDF/BasicLawLiberty.pdf',
},
{
id: 'companies-law-1999',
lawName: 'Companies Law',
year: 1999,
title: '\u05d7\u05d5\u05e7 \u05d4\u05d7\u05d1\u05e8\u05d5\u05ea, \u05ea\u05e9\u05e0"\u05d8-1999',
titleEn: 'Companies Law, 5759-1999',
abbreviation: 'CoL',
status: 'in_force',
issuedDate: '1999-02-15',
inForceDate: '2000-02-01',
url: 'https://www.gov.il/en/departments/legalinfo/companies_law',
},
{
id: 'electronic-signature-law-2001',
lawName: 'Electronic Signature Law',
year: 2001,
title: '\u05d7\u05d5\u05e7 \u05d7\u05ea\u05d9\u05de\u05d4 \u05d0\u05dc\u05e7\u05d8\u05e8\u05d5\u05e0\u05d9\u05ea, \u05ea\u05e1"\u05d0-2001',
titleEn: 'Electronic Signature Law, 5761-2001',
abbreviation: 'ESL',
status: 'in_force',
issuedDate: '2001-08-07',
inForceDate: '2001-08-07',
url: 'https://www.gov.il/en/departments/legalinfo/electronic_signature_law',
},
{
id: 'credit-data-law-2002',
lawName: 'Credit Data Law',
year: 2002,
title: '\u05d7\u05d5\u05e7 \u05e0\u05ea\u05d5\u05e0\u05d9 \u05d0\u05e9\u05e8\u05d0\u05d9, \u05ea\u05e1"\u05d1-2002',
titleEn: 'Credit Data Law, 5762-2002',
abbreviation: 'CDL',
status: 'in_force',
issuedDate: '2002-01-01',
inForceDate: '2002-01-01',
url: 'https://www.nevo.co.il/law_html/law01/999_611.htm',
},
{
id: 'freedom-of-information-law-1998',
lawName: 'Freedom of Information Law',
year: 1998,
title: '\u05d7\u05d5\u05e7 \u05d7\u05d5\u05e4\u05e9 \u05d4\u05de\u05d9\u05d3\u05e2, \u05ea\u05e9\u05e0"\u05d7-1998',
titleEn: 'Freedom of Information Law, 5758-1998',
abbreviation: 'FoIL',
status: 'in_force',
issuedDate: '1998-05-19',
inForceDate: '1999-05-19',
url: 'https://www.gov.il/en/departments/legalinfo/freedom_of_information_law',
},
{
id: 'regulation-of-security-1998',
lawName: 'Regulation of Security in Public Bodies Law',
year: 1998,
title: '\u05d7\u05d5\u05e7 \u05d4\u05e1\u05d3\u05e8\u05ea \u05d4\u05d0\u05d1\u05d8\u05d7\u05d4 \u05d1\u05d2\u05d5\u05e4\u05d9\u05dd \u05e6\u05d9\u05d1\u05d5\u05e8\u05d9\u05d9\u05dd, \u05ea\u05e9\u05e0"\u05d7-1998',
titleEn: 'Regulation of Security in Public Bodies Law, 5758-1998',
abbreviation: 'RSPBL',
status: 'in_force',
issuedDate: '1998-01-01',
inForceDate: '1998-01-01',
url: 'https://www.nevo.co.il/law_html/law01/999_574.htm',
},
{
id: 'communications-law-1982',
lawName: 'Communications Law (Telecommunications and Broadcasting)',
year: 1982,
title: '\u05d7\u05d5\u05e7 \u05d4\u05ea\u05e7\u05e9\u05d5\u05e8\u05ea (\u05d1\u05d6\u05e7 \u05d5\u05e9\u05d9\u05d3\u05d5\u05e8\u05d9\u05dd), \u05ea\u05e9\u05de"\u05d1-1982',
titleEn: 'Communications Law (Telecommunications and Broadcasting), 5742-1982',
abbreviation: 'CommL',
status: 'in_force',
issuedDate: '1982-01-01',
inForceDate: '1984-02-01',
url: 'https://www.nevo.co.il/law_html/law01/044_001.htm',
},
// ═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
// NEW: 10 BASIC LAWS (Knesset PDF sources)
// ═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
{
id: 'basic-law-the-knesset-1958',
lawName: 'Basic Law: The Knesset',
year: 1958,
title: '\u05d7\u05d5\u05e7 \u05d9\u05e1\u05d5\u05d3: \u05d4\u05db\u05e0\u05e1\u05ea',
titleEn: 'Basic Law: The Knesset, 5718-1958',
abbreviation: 'BL-KNS',
status: 'in_force',
issuedDate: '1958-02-12',
inForceDate: '1958-02-12',
url: 'https://m.knesset.gov.il/EN/activity/documents/BasicLawsPDF/BasicLawTheKnesset.pdf',
},
{
id: 'basic-law-israel-lands-1960',
lawName: 'Basic Law: Israel Lands',
year: 1960,
title: '\u05d7\u05d5\u05e7 \u05d9\u05e1\u05d5\u05d3: \u05de\u05e7\u05e8\u05e7\u05e2\u05d9 \u05d9\u05e9\u05e8\u05d0\u05dc',
titleEn: 'Basic Law: Israel Lands, 5720-1960',
abbreviation: 'BL-IL',
status: 'in_force',
issuedDate: '1960-07-25',
inForceDate: '1960-07-25',
url: 'https://m.knesset.gov.il/EN/activity/documents/BasicLawsPDF/BasicLawIsraelLands.pdf',
},
{
id: 'basic-law-the-president-1964',
lawName: 'Basic Law: The President of the State',
year: 1964,
title: '\u05d7\u05d5\u05e7 \u05d9\u05e1\u05d5\u05d3: \u05e0\u05e9\u05d9\u05d0 \u05d4\u05de\u05d3\u05d9\u05e0\u05d4',
titleEn: 'Basic Law: The President of the State, 5724-1964',
abbreviation: 'BL-PRES',
status: 'in_force',
issuedDate: '1964-06-16',
inForceDate: '1964-06-16',
url: 'https://m.knesset.gov.il/EN/activity/documents/BasicLawsPDF/BasicLawThePresident.pdf',
},
{
id: 'basic-law-the-government-2001',
lawName: 'Basic Law: The Government',
year: 2001,
title: '\u05d7\u05d5\u05e7 \u05d9\u05e1\u05d5\u05d3: \u05d4\u05de\u05de\u05e9\u05dc\u05d4',
titleEn: 'Basic Law: The Government, 5761-2001',
abbreviation: 'BL-GOV',
status: 'in_force',
issuedDate: '2001-03-07',
inForceDate: '2001-03-07',
url: 'https://m.knesset.gov.il/EN/activity/documents/BasicLawsPDF/BasicLawTheGovernment.pdf',
},
{
id: 'basic-law-the-state-economy-1975',
lawName: 'Basic Law: The State Economy',
year: 1975,
title: '\u05d7\u05d5\u05e7 \u05d9\u05e1\u05d5\u05d3: \u05de\u05e9\u05e7 \u05d4\u05de\u05d3\u05d9\u05e0\u05d4',
titleEn: 'Basic Law: The State Economy, 5735-1975',
abbreviation: 'BL-ECON',
status: 'in_force',
issuedDate: '1975-07-21',
inForceDate: '1975-07-21',
url: 'https://m.knesset.gov.il/EN/activity/documents/BasicLawsPDF/BasicLawStateEconomy.pdf',
},
{
id: 'basic-law-the-judiciary-1984',
lawName: 'Basic Law: The Judiciary',
year: 1984,
title: '\u05d7\u05d5\u05e7 \u05d9\u05e1\u05d5\u05d3: \u05d4\u05e9\u05e4\u05d9\u05d8\u05d4',
titleEn: 'Basic Law: The Judiciary, 5744-1984',
abbreviation: 'BL-JUD',
status: 'in_force',
issuedDate: '1984-02-28',
inForceDate: '1984-02-28',
url: 'https://m.knesset.gov.il/EN/activity/documents/BasicLawsPDF/BasicLawTheJudiciary.pdf',
},
{
id: 'basic-law-jerusalem-1980',
lawName: 'Basic Law: Jerusalem, Capital of Israel',
year: 1980,
title: '\u05d7\u05d5\u05e7 \u05d9\u05e1\u05d5\u05d3: \u05d9\u05e8\u05d5\u05e9\u05dc\u05d9\u05dd \u05d1\u05d9\u05e8\u05ea \u05d9\u05e9\u05e8\u05d0\u05dc',
titleEn: 'Basic Law: Jerusalem, Capital of Israel, 5740-1980',
abbreviation: 'BL-JER',
status: 'in_force',
issuedDate: '1980-07-30',
inForceDate: '1980-07-30',
url: 'https://m.knesset.gov.il/EN/activity/documents/BasicLawsPDF/BasicLawJerusalem.pdf',
},
{
id: 'basic-law-freedom-of-occupation-1994',
lawName: 'Basic Law: Freedom of Occupation',
year: 1994,
title: '\u05d7\u05d5\u05e7 \u05d9\u05e1\u05d5\u05d3: \u05d7\u05d5\u05e4\u05e9 \u05d4\u05e2\u05d9\u05e1\u05d5\u05e7',
titleEn: 'Basic Law: Freedom of Occupation, 5754-1994',
abbreviation: 'BL-FOO',
status: 'in_force',
issuedDate: '1994-03-09',
inForceDate: '1994-03-09',
url: 'https://m.knesset.gov.il/EN/activity/documents/BasicLawsPDF/BasicLawOccupation.pdf',
},
{
id: 'basic-law-referendum-2014',
lawName: 'Basic Law: Referendum',
year: 2014,
title: '\u05d7\u05d5\u05e7 \u05d9\u05e1\u05d5\u05d3: \u05de\u05e9\u05d0\u05dc \u05e2\u05dd',
titleEn: 'Basic Law: Referendum, 5774-2014',
abbreviation: 'BL-REF',
status: 'in_force',
issuedDate: '2014-03-12',
inForceDate: '2014-03-12',
url: 'https://m.knesset.gov.il/EN/activity/documents/BasicLawsPDF/BasicLawReferendum.pdf',
},
{
id: 'basic-law-nation-state-2018',
lawName: 'Basic Law: Israel - The Nation State of the Jewish People',
year: 2018,
title: '\u05d7\u05d5\u05e7 \u05d9\u05e1\u05d5\u05d3: \u05d9\u05e9\u05e8\u05d0\u05dc \u2013 \u05de\u05d3\u05d9\u05e0\u05ea \u05d4\u05dc\u05d0\u05d5\u05dd \u05e9\u05dc \u05d4\u05e2\u05dd \u05d4\u05d9\u05d4\u05d5\u05d3\u05d9',
titleEn: 'Basic Law: Israel - The Nation State of the Jewish People, 5778-2018',
abbreviation: 'BL-NS',
status: 'in_force',
issuedDate: '2018-07-19',
inForceDate: '2018-07-19',
url: 'https://m.knesset.gov.il/EN/activity/documents/BasicLawsPDF/BasicLawNationState.pdf',
},
// ═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
// NEW: 2 REMAINING BASIC LAWS (metadata-only, no accessible PDF)
// ═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
{
id: 'basic-law-the-army-1976',
lawName: 'Basic Law: The Military',
year: 1976,
title: '\u05d7\u05d5\u05e7 \u05d9\u05e1\u05d5\u05d3: \u05d4\u05e6\u05d1\u05d0',
titleEn: 'Basic Law: The Military, 5736-1976',
abbreviation: 'BL-MIL',
status: 'in_force',
issuedDate: '1976-04-01',
inForceDate: '1976-04-01',
url: 'https://www.knesset.gov.il/laws/special/eng/BasicLawArmy.pdf',
},
{
id: 'basic-law-legislation-2001',
lawName: 'Basic Law: Legislation',
year: 2001,
title: '\u05d7\u05d5\u05e7 \u05d9\u05e1\u05d5\u05d3: \u05d7\u05e7\u05d9\u05e7\u05d4',
titleEn: 'Basic Law: Legislation (draft — not yet enacted)',
abbreviation: 'BL-LEG',
status: 'not_yet_in_force',
issuedDate: '2001-01-01',
inForceDate: '2001-01-01',
url: 'https://www.knesset.gov.il/laws/special/eng/BasicLawLegislation.pdf',
},
// ═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
// NEW: FINANCIAL & SECURITIES LAWS (metadata-only)
// ═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
{
id: 'securities-law-1968',
lawName: 'Securities Law',
year: 1968,
title: '\u05d7\u05d5\u05e7 \u05e0\u05d9\u05d9\u05e8\u05d5\u05ea \u05e2\u05e8\u05da, \u05ea\u05e9\u05db"\u05d7-1968',
titleEn: 'Securities Law, 5728-1968',
abbreviation: 'SecL',
status: 'in_force',
issuedDate: '1968-08-20',
inForceDate: '1968-08-20',
url: 'https://www.nevo.co.il/law_html/law01/055_001.htm',
},
{
id: 'banking-ordinance-1941',
lawName: 'Banking Ordinance',
year: 1941,
title: '\u05e4\u05e7\u05d5\u05d3\u05ea \u05d4\u05d1\u05e0\u05e7\u05d0\u05d5\u05ea, 1941',
titleEn: 'Banking Ordinance, 1941',
abbreviation: 'BO',
status: 'in_force',
issuedDate: '1941-01-01',
inForceDate: '1941-01-01',
url: 'https://www.nevo.co.il/law_html/law01/p187_001.htm',
},
{
id: 'banking-licensing-law-1981',
lawName: 'Banking (Licensing) Law',
year: 1981,
title: '\u05d7\u05d5\u05e7 \u05d4\u05d1\u05e0\u05e7\u05d0\u05d5\u05ea (\u05e8\u05d9\u05e9\u05d5\u05d9), \u05ea\u05e9\u05de"\u05d0-1981',
titleEn: 'Banking (Licensing) Law, 5741-1981',
abbreviation: 'BLL',
status: 'in_force',
issuedDate: '1981-01-01',
inForceDate: '1981-01-01',
url: 'https://www.nevo.co.il/law_html/law01/999_076.htm',
},
{
id: 'insurance-business-law-1981',
lawName: 'Insurance Business (Control) Law',
year: 1981,
title: '\u05d7\u05d5\u05e7 \u05d4\u05e4\u05d9\u05e7\u05d5\u05d7 \u05e2\u05dc \u05e2\u05e1\u05e7\u05d9 \u05d1\u05d9\u05d8\u05d5\u05d7, \u05ea\u05e9\u05de"\u05d0-1981',
titleEn: 'Insurance Business (Control) Law, 5741-1981',
abbreviation: 'IBL',
status: 'in_force',
issuedDate: '1981-01-01',
inForceDate: '1981-01-01',
url: 'https://www.nevo.co.il/law_html/law01/999_079.htm',
},
{
id: 'anti-money-laundering-law-2000',
lawName: 'Prohibition of Money Laundering Law',
year: 2000,
title: '\u05d7\u05d5\u05e7 \u05d0\u05d9\u05e1\u05d5\u05e8 \u05d4\u05dc\u05d1\u05e0\u05ea \u05d4\u05d5\u05df, \u05ea\u05e9"\u05e1-2000',
titleEn: 'Prohibition of Money Laundering Law, 5760-2000',
abbreviation: 'AML',
status: 'in_force',
issuedDate: '2000-08-03',
inForceDate: '2002-02-17',
url: 'https://www.nevo.co.il/law_html/law01/999_207.htm',
},
{
id: 'terror-financing-prohibition-law-2005',
lawName: 'Prohibition on Terror Financing Law',
year: 2005,
title: '\u05d7\u05d5\u05e7 \u05d0\u05d9\u05e1\u05d5\u05e8 \u05de\u05d9\u05de\u05d5\u05df \u05d8\u05e8\u05d5\u05e8, \u05ea\u05e9\u05e1"\u05d4-2005',
titleEn: 'Prohibition on Terror Financing Law, 5765-2005',
abbreviation: 'TFL',
status: 'in_force',
issuedDate: '2005-01-01',
inForceDate: '2005-01-01',
url: 'https://www.nevo.co.il/law_html/law01/999_627.htm',
},
{
id: 'financial-services-regulation-law-2005',
lawName: 'Financial Services Regulation (Financial Services) Law',
year: 2005,
title: '\u05d7\u05d5\u05e7 \u05d4\u05e4\u05d9\u05e7\u05d5\u05d7 \u05e2\u05dc \u05e9\u05d9\u05e8\u05d5\u05ea\u05d9\u05dd \u05e4\u05d9\u05e0\u05e0\u05e1\u05d9\u05d9\u05dd, \u05ea\u05e9\u05e1"\u05d4-2005',
titleEn: 'Financial Services Regulation (Financial Services) Law, 5765-2005',
abbreviation: 'FSRL',
status: 'in_force',
issuedDate: '2005-01-01',
inForceDate: '2005-01-01',
url: 'https://www.nevo.co.il/law_html/law01/999_629.htm',
},
// ═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
// NEW: INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY LAWS (metadata-only)
// ═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
{
id: 'patent-law-1967',
lawName: 'Patents Law',
year: 1967,
title: '\u05d7\u05d5\u05e7 \u05d4\u05e4\u05d8\u05e0\u05d8\u05d9\u05dd, \u05ea\u05e9\u05db"\u05d6-1967',
titleEn: 'Patents Law, 5727-1967',
abbreviation: 'PatL',
status: 'in_force',
issuedDate: '1967-04-04',
inForceDate: '1968-04-04',
url: 'https://www.nevo.co.il/law_html/law01/050_001.htm',
},
{
id: 'copyright-law-2007',
lawName: 'Copyright Law',
year: 2007,
title: '\u05d7\u05d5\u05e7 \u05d6\u05db\u05d5\u05ea \u05d9\u05d5\u05e6\u05e8\u05d9\u05dd, \u05ea\u05e9\u05e1"\u05d7-2007',
titleEn: 'Copyright Law, 5768-2007',
abbreviation: 'CopyL',
status: 'in_force',
issuedDate: '2007-11-19',
inForceDate: '2008-05-25',
url: 'https://www.nevo.co.il/law_html/law01/999_701.htm',
},
{
id: 'trademarks-ordinance-1972',
lawName: 'Trademarks Ordinance (New Version)',
year: 1972,
title: '\u05e4\u05e7\u05d5\u05d3\u05ea \u05e1\u05d9\u05de\u05e0\u05d9 \u05de\u05e1\u05d7\u05e8 [\u05e0\u05d5\u05e1\u05d7 \u05d7\u05d3\u05e9], \u05ea\u05e9\u05dc"\u05d1-1972',
titleEn: 'Trademarks Ordinance (New Version), 5732-1972',
abbreviation: 'TMO',
status: 'in_force',
issuedDate: '1972-01-01',
inForceDate: '1972-01-01',
url: 'https://www.nevo.co.il/law_html/law01/p233_001.htm',
},
{
id: 'trade-secrets-law-1999',
lawName: 'Trade Secrets Law',
year: 1999,
title: '\u05d7\u05d5\u05e7 \u05e2\u05d5\u05d5\u05dc\u05d5\u05ea \u05de\u05e1\u05d7\u05e8\u05d9\u05d5\u05ea, \u05ea\u05e9\u05e0"\u05d9-1999',
titleEn: 'Trade Secrets Law, 5759-1999',
abbreviation: 'TSL',
status: 'in_force',
issuedDate: '1999-02-01',
inForceDate: '1999-02-01',
url: 'https://www.nevo.co.il/law_html/law01/999_571.htm',
},
// ═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
// NEW: LABOR & EMPLOYMENT LAWS (metadata-only)
// ═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
{
id: 'employment-law-1959',
lawName: 'Employment Service Law',
year: 1959,
title: '\u05d7\u05d5\u05e7 \u05e9\u05d9\u05e8\u05d5\u05ea \u05d4\u05ea\u05e2\u05e1\u05d5\u05e7\u05d4, \u05ea\u05e9\u05d9"\u05d8-1959',
titleEn: 'Employment Service Law, 5719-1959',
abbreviation: 'EmSL',
status: 'in_force',
issuedDate: '1959-01-01',
inForceDate: '1959-01-01',
url: 'https://www.nevo.co.il/law_html/law01/017_002.htm',
},
{
id: 'hours-of-work-and-rest-law-1951',
lawName: 'Hours of Work and Rest Law',
year: 1951,
title: '\u05d7\u05d5\u05e7 \u05e9\u05e2\u05d5\u05ea \u05e2\u05d1\u05d5\u05d3\u05d4 \u05d5\u05de\u05e0\u05d5\u05d7\u05d4, \u05ea\u05e9\u05d9"\u05d0-1951',
titleEn: 'Hours of Work and Rest Law, 5711-1951',
abbreviation: 'HWRL',
status: 'in_force',
issuedDate: '1951-06-11',
inForceDate: '1951-06-11',
url: 'https://www.nevo.co.il/law_html/law01/007_001.htm',
},
{
id: 'annual-leave-law-1951',
lawName: 'Annual Leave Law',
year: 1951,
title: '\u05d7\u05d5\u05e7 \u05d7\u05d5\u05e4\u05e9\u05d4 \u05e9\u05e0\u05ea\u05d9\u05ea, \u05ea\u05e9\u05d9"\u05d0-1951',
titleEn: 'Annual Leave Law, 5711-1951',
abbreviation: 'ALL',
status: 'in_force',
issuedDate: '1951-06-11',
inForceDate: '1951-06-11',
url: 'https://www.nevo.co.il/law_html/law01/007_002.htm',
},
{
id: 'severance-pay-law-1963',
lawName: 'Severance Pay Law',
year: 1963,
title: '\u05d7\u05d5\u05e7 \u05e4\u05d9\u05e6\u05d5\u05d9\u05d9\u05dd, \u05ea\u05e9\u05db"\u05d2-1963',
titleEn: 'Severance Pay Law, 5723-1963',
abbreviation: 'SPL',
status: 'in_force',
issuedDate: '1963-01-01',
inForceDate: '1963-01-01',
url: 'https://www.nevo.co.il/law_html/law01/035_001.htm',
},
{
id: 'employment-equal-opportunities-law-1988',
lawName: 'Employment (Equal Opportunities) Law',
year: 1988,
title: '\u05d7\u05d5\u05e7 \u05e9\u05d5\u05d5\u05d9\u05d5\u05df \u05d4\u05d6\u05d3\u05de\u05e0\u05d5\u05d9\u05d5\u05ea \u05d1\u05e2\u05d1\u05d5\u05d3\u05d4, \u05ea\u05e9\u05de"\u05d7-1988',
titleEn: 'Employment (Equal Opportunities) Law, 5748-1988',
abbreviation: 'EEOL',
status: 'in_force',
issuedDate: '1988-03-01',
inForceDate: '1988-03-01',
url: 'https://www.nevo.co.il/law_html/law01/999_138.htm',
},
// ═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
// NEW: CONSUMER & CONTRACT LAW (metadata-only)
// ═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
{
id: 'consumer-protection-law-1981',
lawName: 'Consumer Protection Law',
year: 1981,
title: '\u05d7\u05d5\u05e7 \u05d4\u05d2\u05e0\u05ea \u05d4\u05e6\u05e8\u05db\u05df, \u05ea\u05e9\u05de"\u05d0-1981',
titleEn: 'Consumer Protection Law, 5741-1981',
abbreviation: 'CPL',
status: 'in_force',
issuedDate: '1981-03-12',
inForceDate: '1981-09-01',
url: 'https://www.nevo.co.il/law_html/law01/999_075.htm',
},
{
id: 'standard-contracts-law-1982',
lawName: 'Standard Contracts Law',
year: 1982,
title: '\u05d7\u05d5\u05e7 \u05d4\u05d7\u05d5\u05d6\u05d9\u05dd \u05d4\u05d0\u05d7\u05d9\u05d3\u05d9\u05dd, \u05ea\u05e9\u05de"\u05d1-1982',
titleEn: 'Standard Contracts Law, 5743-1982',
abbreviation: 'SCL',
status: 'in_force',
issuedDate: '1982-11-15',
inForceDate: '1983-05-15',
url: 'https://www.nevo.co.il/law_html/law01/999_093.htm',
},
{
id: 'contracts-general-part-law-1973',
lawName: 'Contracts (General Part) Law',
year: 1973,
title: '\u05d7\u05d5\u05e7 \u05d4\u05d7\u05d5\u05d6\u05d9\u05dd (\u05d7\u05dc\u05e7 \u05db\u05dc\u05dc\u05d9), \u05ea\u05e9\u05dc"\u05d3-1973',
titleEn: 'Contracts (General Part) Law, 5733-1973',
abbreviation: 'CGL',
status: 'in_force',
issuedDate: '1973-04-10',
inForceDate: '1973-04-10',
url: 'https://www.nevo.co.il/law_html/law01/067_001.htm',
},
// ═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
// NEW: PROCEDURAL LAW (metadata-only)
// ═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
{
id: 'evidence-ordinance-1971',
lawName: 'Evidence Ordinance (New Version)',
year: 1971,
title: '\u05e4\u05e7\u05d5\u05d3\u05ea \u05d4\u05e8\u05d0\u05d9\u05d5\u05ea [\u05e0\u05d5\u05e1\u05d7 \u05d7\u05d3\u05e9], \u05ea\u05e9\u05dc"\u05d0-1971',
titleEn: 'Evidence Ordinance (New Version), 5731-1971',
abbreviation: 'EO',
status: 'in_force',
issuedDate: '1971-01-01',
inForceDate: '1971-01-01',
url: 'https://www.nevo.co.il/law_html/law01/p232_001.htm',
},
{
id: 'courts-law-1984',
lawName: 'Courts Law (Consolidated Version)',
year: 1984,
title: '\u05d7\u05d5\u05e7 \u05d1\u05ea\u05d9 \u05d4\u05de\u05e9\u05e4\u05d8 [\u05e0\u05d5\u05e1\u05d7 \u05de\u05e9\u05d5\u05dc\u05d1], \u05ea\u05e9\u05de"\u05d3-1984',
titleEn: 'Courts Law (Consolidated Version), 5744-1984',
abbreviation: 'CtL',
status: 'in_force',
issuedDate: '1984-01-01',
inForceDate: '1984-01-01',
url: 'https://www.nevo.co.il/law_html/law01/999_104.htm',
},
{
id: 'criminal-procedure-law-1982',
lawName: 'Criminal Procedure Law (Consolidated Version)',
year: 1982,
title: '\u05d7\u05d5\u05e7 \u05e1\u05d3\u05e8 \u05d4\u05d3\u05d9\u05df \u05d4\u05e4\u05dc\u05d9\u05dc\u05d9 [\u05e0\u05d5\u05e1\u05d7 \u05de\u05e9\u05d5\u05dc\u05d1], \u05ea\u05e9\u05de"\u05d1-1982',
titleEn: 'Criminal Procedure Law (Consolidated Version), 5742-1982',
abbreviation: 'CrimPL',
status: 'in_force',
issuedDate: '1982-01-01',
inForceDate: '1982-01-01',
url: 'https://www.nevo.co.il/law_html/law01/999_092.htm',
},
{
id: 'civil-procedure-regulations-1984',
lawName: 'Civil Procedure Regulations',
year: 1984,
title: '\u05ea\u05e7\u05e0\u05d5\u05ea \u05e1\u05d3\u05e8 \u05d4\u05d3\u05d9\u05df \u05d4\u05d0\u05d6\u05e8\u05d7\u05d9, \u05ea\u05e9\u05de"\u05d3-1984',
titleEn: 'Civil Procedure Regulations, 5744-1984',
abbreviation: 'CPR',
status: 'in_force',
issuedDate: '1984-01-01',
inForceDate: '1984-01-01',
url: 'https://www.nevo.co.il/law_html/law01/999_103.htm',
},
// ═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
// NEW: CRIMINAL LAW (metadata-only)
// ═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
{
id: 'penal-law-1977',
lawName: 'Penal Law',
year: 1977,
title: '\u05d7\u05d5\u05e7 \u05d4\u05e2\u05d5\u05e0\u05e9\u05d9\u05df, \u05ea\u05e9\u05dc"\u05d6-1977',
titleEn: 'Penal Law, 5737-1977',
abbreviation: 'PL',
status: 'in_force',
issuedDate: '1977-08-04',
inForceDate: '1977-08-04',
url: 'https://www.nevo.co.il/law_html/law01/073_002.htm',
},
{
id: 'wiretapping-law-1979',
lawName: 'Wiretapping Law',
year: 1979,
title: '\u05d7\u05d5\u05e7 \u05d4\u05d0\u05d6\u05e0\u05ea \u05e1\u05ea\u05e8, \u05ea\u05e9\u05dc"\u05d8-1979',
titleEn: 'Wiretapping Law, 5739-1979',
abbreviation: 'WL',
status: 'in_force',
issuedDate: '1979-01-01',
inForceDate: '1979-01-01',
url: 'https://www.nevo.co.il/law_html/law01/073_008.htm',
},
// ═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
// NEW: PLANNING, ENVIRONMENT & INFRASTRUCTURE (metadata-only)
// ═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
{
id: 'planning-and-building-law-1965',
lawName: 'Planning and Building Law',
year: 1965,
title: '\u05d7\u05d5\u05e7 \u05d4\u05ea\u05db\u05e0\u05d5\u05df \u05d5\u05d4\u05d1\u05e0\u05d9\u05d9\u05d4, \u05ea\u05e9\u05db"\u05d5-1965',
titleEn: 'Planning and Building Law, 5725-1965',
abbreviation: 'PBL',
status: 'in_force',
issuedDate: '1965-06-26',
inForceDate: '1966-09-12',
url: 'https://www.nevo.co.il/law_html/law01/042_001.htm',
},
{
id: 'environmental-protection-law-2008',
lawName: 'Clean Air Law',
year: 2008,
title: '\u05d7\u05d5\u05e7 \u05d0\u05d5\u05d5\u05d9\u05e8 \u05e0\u05e7\u05d9, \u05ea\u05e9\u05e1"\u05d7-2008',
titleEn: 'Clean Air Law, 5768-2008',
abbreviation: 'CAL',
status: 'in_force',
issuedDate: '2008-07-29',
inForceDate: '2011-01-01',
url: 'https://www.nevo.co.il/law_html/law01/999_723.htm',
},
{
id: 'hazardous-substances-law-1993',
lawName: 'Hazardous Substances Law',
year: 1993,
title: '\u05d7\u05d5\u05e7 \u05d4\u05d7\u05d5\u05de\u05e8\u05d9\u05dd \u05d4\u05de\u05e1\u05d5\u05db\u05e0\u05d9\u05dd, \u05ea\u05e9\u05e0"\u05d2-1993',
titleEn: 'Hazardous Substances Law, 5753-1993',
abbreviation: 'HSL',
status: 'in_force',
issuedDate: '1993-01-01',
inForceDate: '1993-01-01',
url: 'https://www.nevo.co.il/law_html/law01/999_285.htm',
},
// ═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
// NEW: TELECOMMUNICATIONS & POSTAL (metadata-only)
// ═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
{
id: 'postal-law-1986',
lawName: 'Postal Authority Law',
year: 1986,
title: '\u05d7\u05d5\u05e7 \u05e8\u05e9\u05d5\u05ea \u05d4\u05d3\u05d5\u05d0\u05e8, \u05ea\u05e9\u05de"\u05d6-1986',
titleEn: 'Postal Authority Law, 5746-1986',
abbreviation: 'PAL',
status: 'in_force',
issuedDate: '1986-01-01',
inForceDate: '1987-01-01',
url: 'https://www.nevo.co.il/law_html/law01/999_120.htm',
},
// ═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
// NEW: TORT & LIABILITY (metadata-only)
// ═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
{
id: 'civil-wrongs-ordinance-1968',
lawName: 'Civil Wrongs Ordinance (New Version)',
year: 1968,
title: '\u05e4\u05e7\u05d5\u05d3\u05ea \u05d4\u05e0\u05d6\u05d9\u05e7\u05d9\u05df [\u05e0\u05d5\u05e1\u05d7 \u05d7\u05d3\u05e9], \u05ea\u05e9\u05db"\u05d8-1968',
titleEn: 'Civil Wrongs Ordinance (New Version), 5728-1968',
abbreviation: 'CWO',
status: 'in_force',
issuedDate: '1968-01-01',
inForceDate: '1968-01-01',
url: 'https://www.nevo.co.il/law_html/law01/p230_001.htm',
},
// ═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
// NEW: NATIONAL SECURITY & DEFENSE (metadata-only)
// ═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
{
id: 'defense-service-law-1986',
lawName: 'Defense Service Law (Consolidated Version)',
year: 1986,
title: '\u05d7\u05d5\u05e7 \u05e9\u05d9\u05e8\u05d5\u05ea \u05d1\u05d9\u05d8\u05d7\u05d5\u05df [\u05e0\u05d5\u05e1\u05d7 \u05de\u05e9\u05d5\u05dc\u05d1], \u05ea\u05e9\u05de"\u05d6-1986',
titleEn: 'Defense Service Law (Consolidated Version), 5746-1986',
abbreviation: 'DSL',
status: 'in_force',
issuedDate: '1986-01-01',
inForceDate: '1986-01-01',
url: 'https://www.nevo.co.il/law_html/law01/999_114.htm',
},
{
id: 'cyber-defense-law-2016',
lawName: 'Regulation of Security in Public Bodies (Cyber Defense Directive)',
year: 2016,
title: '\u05d4\u05e0\u05d7\u05d9\u05d9\u05ea \u05e8\u05e9\u05d5\u05ea \u05d4\u05e1\u05d9\u05d9\u05d1\u05e8 \u05d4\u05dc\u05d0\u05d5\u05de\u05d9 \u05dc\u05d4\u05d2\u05e0\u05ea \u05d4\u05e1\u05d9\u05d9\u05d1\u05e8 \u05d1\u05d2\u05d5\u05e4\u05d9\u05dd \u05e6\u05d9\u05d1\u05d5\u05e8\u05d9\u05d9\u05dd',
titleEn: 'National Cyber Directorate - Cyber Defense Directive for Public Bodies, 2016',
abbreviation: 'CDD',
status: 'in_force',
issuedDate: '2016-02-14',
inForceDate: '2016-02-14',
url: 'https://www.gov.il/en/departments/news/14022016_01',
},
{
id: 'emergency-powers-detention-law-1979',
lawName: 'Emergency Powers (Detention) Law',
year: 1979,
title: '\u05d7\u05d5\u05e7 \u05e1\u05de\u05db\u05d5\u05d9\u05d5\u05ea \u05e9\u05e2\u05ea \u05d7\u05d9\u05e8\u05d5\u05dd (\u05de\u05e2\u05e6\u05e8\u05d9\u05dd), \u05ea\u05e9\u05dc"\u05d9-1979',
titleEn: 'Emergency Powers (Detention) Law, 5739-1979',
abbreviation: 'EPDL',
status: 'in_force',
issuedDate: '1979-01-01',
inForceDate: '1979-01-01',
url: 'https://www.nevo.co.il/law_html/law01/073_006.htm',
},
// ═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
// NEW: ADMINISTRATIVE & PUBLIC LAW (metadata-only)
// ═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
{
id: 'administrative-courts-law-2000',
lawName: 'Administrative Courts Law',
year: 2000,
title: '\u05d7\u05d5\u05e7 \u05d1\u05ea\u05d9 \u05de\u05e9\u05e4\u05d8 \u05dc\u05e2\u05e0\u05d9\u05d9\u05e0\u05d9\u05dd \u05de\u05d9\u05e0\u05d4\u05dc\u05d9\u05d9\u05dd, \u05ea\u05e9"\u05e1-2000',
titleEn: 'Administrative Courts Law, 5760-2000',
abbreviation: 'ACL',
status: 'in_force',
issuedDate: '2000-07-25',
inForceDate: '2004-09-01',
url: 'https://www.nevo.co.il/law_html/law01/999_206.htm',
},
{
id: 'government-companies-law-1975',
lawName: 'Government Companies Law',
year: 1975,
title: '\u05d7\u05d5\u05e7 \u05d4\u05d7\u05d1\u05e8\u05d5\u05ea \u05d4\u05de\u05de\u05e9\u05dc\u05ea\u05d9\u05d5\u05ea, \u05ea\u05e9\u05dc"\u05d5-1975',
titleEn: 'Government Companies Law, 5735-1975',
abbreviation: 'GCL',
status: 'in_force',
issuedDate: '1975-08-04',
inForceDate: '1975-08-04',
url: 'https://www.nevo.co.il/law_html/law01/070_001.htm',
},
{
id: 'state-comptroller-law-1958',
lawName: 'State Comptroller Law',
year: 1958,
title: '\u05d7\u05d5\u05e7 \u05de\u05d1\u05e7\u05e8 \u05d4\u05de\u05d3\u05d9\u05e0\u05d4, \u05ea\u05e9\u05d9"\u05d8-1958',
titleEn: 'State Comptroller Law, 5718-1958 (Consolidated Version)',
abbreviation: 'StCL',
status: 'in_force',
issuedDate: '1958-01-01',
inForceDate: '1958-01-01',
url: 'https://www.nevo.co.il/law_html/law01/016_001.htm',
},
// ═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
// NEW: HEALTH & MEDICAL LAW (metadata-only)
// ═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
{
id: 'patients-rights-law-1996',
lawName: 'Patient\'s Rights Law',
year: 1996,
title: '\u05d7\u05d5\u05e7 \u05d6\u05db\u05d5\u05d9\u05d5\u05ea \u05d4\u05d7\u05d5\u05dc\u05d4, \u05ea\u05e9\u05e0"\u05d6-1996',
titleEn: 'Patient\'s Rights Law, 5756-1996',
abbreviation: 'PRL',
status: 'in_force',
issuedDate: '1996-05-01',
inForceDate: '1996-05-01',
url: 'https://www.nevo.co.il/law_html/law01/999_529.htm',
},
{
id: 'national-health-insurance-law-1994',
lawName: 'National Health Insurance Law',
year: 1994,
title: '\u05d7\u05d5\u05e7 \u05d1\u05d9\u05d8\u05d5\u05d7 \u05d1\u05e8\u05d9\u05d0\u05d5\u05ea \u05de\u05de\u05dc\u05db\u05ea\u05d9, \u05ea\u05e9\u05e0"\u05d3-1994',
titleEn: 'National Health Insurance Law, 5754-1994',
abbreviation: 'NHIL',
status: 'in_force',
issuedDate: '1994-06-26',
inForceDate: '1995-01-01',
url: 'https://www.nevo.co.il/law_html/law01/999_289.htm',
},
{
id: 'genetic-information-law-2000',
lawName: 'Genetic Information Law',
year: 2000,
title: '\u05d7\u05d5\u05e7 \u05de\u05d9\u05d3\u05e2 \u05d2\u05e0\u05d8\u05d9, \u05ea\u05e9"\u05e1-2000',
titleEn: 'Genetic Information Law, 5761-2000',
abbreviation: 'GIL',
status: 'in_force',
issuedDate: '2000-12-25',
inForceDate: '2001-01-01',
url: 'https://www.nevo.co.il/law_html/law01/999_211.htm',
},
// ═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
// NEW: COMPETITION & REGULATORY (metadata-only)
// ═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
{
id: 'economic-competition-law-1988',
lawName: 'Economic Competition Law (Restrictive Trade Practices)',
year: 1988,
title: '\u05d7\u05d5\u05e7 \u05d4\u05ea\u05d7\u05e8\u05d5\u05ea \u05d4\u05db\u05dc\u05db\u05dc\u05d9\u05ea, \u05ea\u05e9\u05de"\u05d8-1988',
titleEn: 'Economic Competition Law, 5748-1988',
abbreviation: 'ECL',
status: 'in_force',
issuedDate: '1988-01-01',
inForceDate: '1988-01-01',
url: 'https://www.nevo.co.il/law_html/law01/999_156.htm',
},
{
id: 'taxation-ordinance-1961',
lawName: 'Income Tax Ordinance (New Version)',
year: 1961,
title: '\u05e4\u05e7\u05d5\u05d3\u05ea \u05de\u05e1 \u05d4\u05db\u05e0\u05e1\u05d4 [\u05e0\u05d5\u05e1\u05d7 \u05d7\u05d3\u05e9], \u05ea\u05e9\u05db"\u05d0-1961',
titleEn: 'Income Tax Ordinance (New Version), 5721-1961',
abbreviation: 'ITO',
status: 'in_force',
issuedDate: '1961-01-01',
inForceDate: '1961-01-01',
url: 'https://www.nevo.co.il/law_html/law01/p222_001.htm',
},
// ═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
// NEW: DATA & TECHNOLOGY (metadata-only)
// ═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
{
id: 'database-registration-regulations-1986',
lawName: 'Protection of Privacy (Registration of Databases) Regulations',
year: 1986,
title: '\u05ea\u05e7\u05e0\u05d5\u05ea \u05d4\u05d2\u05e0\u05ea \u05d4\u05e4\u05e8\u05d8\u05d9\u05d5\u05ea (\u05e8\u05d9\u05e9\u05d5\u05dd \u05de\u05d0\u05d2\u05e8\u05d9 \u05de\u05d9\u05d3\u05e2), \u05ea\u05e9\u05de"\u05d6-1986',
titleEn: 'Protection of Privacy (Registration of Databases) Regulations, 5746-1986',
abbreviation: 'DBRR',
status: 'in_force',
issuedDate: '1986-01-01',
inForceDate: '1986-01-01',
url: 'https://www.nevo.co.il/law_html/law01/999_121.htm',
},
{
id: 'privacy-protection-transfer-abroad-regulations-2001',
lawName: 'Protection of Privacy (Transfer of Data to Databases Abroad) Regulations',
year: 2001,
title: '\u05ea\u05e7\u05e0\u05d5\u05ea \u05d4\u05d2\u05e0\u05ea \u05d4\u05e4\u05e8\u05d8\u05d9\u05d5\u05ea (\u05d4\u05e2\u05d1\u05e8\u05ea \u05de\u05d9\u05d3\u05e2 \u05dc\u05de\u05d0\u05d2\u05e8\u05d9 \u05de\u05d9\u05d3\u05e2 \u05e9\u05de\u05d7\u05d5\u05e5 \u05dc\u05d9\u05e9\u05e8\u05d0\u05dc), \u05ea\u05e1"\u05d0-2001',
titleEn: 'Protection of Privacy (Transfer of Data to Databases Abroad) Regulations, 5761-2001',
abbreviation: 'DTBR',
status: 'in_force',
issuedDate: '2001-01-01',
inForceDate: '2001-01-01',
url: 'https://www.nevo.co.il/law_html/law01/999_609.htm',
},
{
id: 'encouragement-of-research-law-1984',
lawName: 'Encouragement of Research, Development and Technological Innovation in Industry Law',
year: 1984,
title: '\u05d7\u05d5\u05e7 \u05dc\u05e2\u05d9\u05d3\u05d5\u05d3 \u05de\u05d7\u05e7\u05e8 \u05d5\u05e4\u05d9\u05ea\u05d5\u05d7 \u05d5\u05d7\u05d3\u05e9\u05e0\u05d5\u05ea \u05d8\u05db\u05e0\u05d5\u05dc\u05d5\u05d2\u05d9\u05ea \u05d1\u05ea\u05e2\u05e9\u05d9\u05d9\u05d4, \u05ea\u05e9\u05de"\u05d3-1984',
titleEn: 'Encouragement of Research, Development and Technological Innovation in Industry Law, 5744-1984',
abbreviation: 'RDTL',
status: 'in_force',
issuedDate: '1984-12-10',
inForceDate: '1985-01-01',
url: 'https://www.nevo.co.il/law_html/law01/999_101.htm',
},
];