legal-ai/mcp-server/src/legal_mcp/services/extractor.py

"""Text extraction from PDF, DOCX, DOC, and RTF files.

Primary PDF extraction: PyMuPDF direct text (for born-digital PDFs).
Fallback: Google Cloud Vision OCR (for scanned documents).
DOC files: converted to DOCX via LibreOffice before extraction.
Post-processing: Hebrew abbreviation quote fixer.
"""

from __future__ import annotations

import asyncio
import io
import logging
import re
import subprocess
import tempfile
from pathlib import Path
from typing import TYPE_CHECKING

import fitz  # PyMuPDF
from PIL import Image
from docx import Document as DocxDocument
from striprtf.striprtf import rtf_to_text

from legal_mcp import config

if TYPE_CHECKING:
    from google.cloud import vision

logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)

# ── Google Cloud Vision client (imported lazily — saves ~550ms at MCP startup) ──

_vision_client: "vision.ImageAnnotatorClient | None" = None


def _get_vision_client() -> "vision.ImageAnnotatorClient":
    global _vision_client
    if _vision_client is None:
        from google.cloud import vision
        _vision_client = vision.ImageAnnotatorClient(
            client_options={"api_key": config.GOOGLE_CLOUD_VISION_API_KEY}
        )
    return _vision_client


# ── Hebrew text quality detection ────────────────────────────────

_HEBREW_RE = re.compile(r'[\u0590-\u05FF]')
_WORD_RE = re.compile(r'\S+')


def _text_quality_ok(text: str) -> bool:
    """Check if extracted text is real content vs broken OCR layer.

    Returns True if text appears to be genuine Hebrew legal content.
    Broken OCR layers from scanned PDFs often have:
    - Very short words / single-character fragments
    - Each word on its own line (high words-per-line ratio)
    - Non-Hebrew characters mixed in
    """
    words = _WORD_RE.findall(text)
    if len(words) < 10:
        return False

    # Average word length — real Hebrew words avg 4-6 chars.
    avg_len = sum(len(w) for w in words) / len(words)
    if avg_len < 2.5:
        return False

    # Percentage of single-character "words"
    single_char_pct = sum(1 for w in words if len(w) == 1) / len(words)
    if single_char_pct > 0.4:
        return False

    # Words per line — broken OCR puts each word on its own line.
    # Real text has 5-15 words per line; broken OCR has ~1-2.
    lines = [l for l in text.split("\n") if l.strip()]
    if lines:
        words_per_line = len(words) / len(lines)
        if words_per_line < 3.0:
            return False

    # Hebrew character ratio among letter characters
    letters = re.findall(r'[a-zA-Z\u0590-\u05FF]', text)
    if letters:
        hebrew_pct = sum(1 for c in letters if _HEBREW_RE.match(c)) / len(letters)
        if hebrew_pct < 0.5:
            return False

    return True


# ── Hebrew abbreviation quote fixer ──────────────────────────────

_HEBREW_ABBREV_FIXES: dict[str, str] = {
    'עוהייד': 'עוה"ד',
    'עוייד': 'עו"ד',
    'הנייל': 'הנ"ל',
    'מצייב': 'מצ"ב',
    'ביהמייש': 'ביהמ"ש',
    'תייז': 'ת"ז',
    'עייי': 'ע"י',
    'אחייכ': 'אח"כ',
    'סייק': 'ס"ק',
    'דייר': 'ד"ר',
    'כדוייח': 'כדו"ח',
    'חווייד': 'חוו"ד',
    'מייר': 'מ"ר',
    'יחייד': 'יח"ד',
    'בייכ': 'ב"כ',
    # Patterns where double-yod (יי) substitutes for gershayim (״) in born-digital PDFs
    'בליימ': 'בל"מ',   # בקשה להארכת מועד — appears in RTL legal docs
    'תמייא': 'תמ"א',   # תכנית מתאר ארצית
}

_ABBREV_PATTERN = re.compile(
    '|'.join(re.escape(k) for k in sorted(_HEBREW_ABBREV_FIXES, key=len, reverse=True))
)

# Matches Hebrew law year abbreviations where gershayim was encoded as double-yod.
# e.g. תשכייה → תשכ"ה,  תשנייב → תשנ"ב
_HEBREW_YEAR_RE = re.compile(r'(תש[א-ת]+)יי([א-ת])')


def _fix_hebrew_quotes(text: str) -> str:
    """Fix known Hebrew abbreviation quote replacements.

    Applied to both Google Vision OCR output and direct PyMuPDF extraction —
    some born-digital PDFs encode gershayim (״) as double-yod (יי), producing
    the same corruption patterns as OCR.
    """
    text = _ABBREV_PATTERN.sub(lambda m: _HEBREW_ABBREV_FIXES[m.group()], text)
    text = _HEBREW_YEAR_RE.sub(r'\1"\2', text)
    return text


# ── Extraction ───────────────────────────────────────────────────


# Separator used when joining per-page text. Constant so chunker /
# retrofit can reproduce the join when computing page offsets.
PAGE_SEPARATOR = "\n\n"


async def extract_text(file_path: str) -> tuple[str, int, list[int] | None]:
    """Extract text from a document file.

    Returns:
        ``(text, page_count, page_offsets)`` where:
        - ``text``: concatenated extracted text
        - ``page_count``: number of pages (0 for non-PDF)
        - ``page_offsets``: ``page_offsets[i]`` = char start offset of
          page (i+1) inside ``text``. ``None`` for non-PDFs (where the
          notion of pages doesn't apply). Used by the chunker to assign
          a ``page_number`` to each chunk.
    """
    path = Path(file_path)
    suffix = path.suffix.lower()

    if suffix == ".pdf":
        return await _extract_pdf(path)
    elif suffix == ".docx":
        return _extract_docx(path), 0, None
    elif suffix == ".doc":
        return _extract_doc(path), 0, None
    elif suffix == ".rtf":
        return _extract_rtf(path), 0, None
    elif suffix in (".txt", ".md"):
        return path.read_text(encoding="utf-8"), 0, None
    else:
        raise ValueError(f"Unsupported file type: {suffix}")


def _join_pages(pages_text: list[str]) -> tuple[str, list[int]]:
    """Join per-page text with PAGE_SEPARATOR while recording the start
    offset of each page in the joined output."""
    offsets: list[int] = []
    parts: list[str] = []
    cursor = 0
    for i, pg in enumerate(pages_text):
        offsets.append(cursor)
        parts.append(pg)
        cursor += len(pg)
        if i < len(pages_text) - 1:
            parts.append(PAGE_SEPARATOR)
            cursor += len(PAGE_SEPARATOR)
    return "".join(parts), offsets


async def _extract_pdf(path: Path) -> tuple[str, int, list[int]]:
    """Extract text from PDF.

    Try direct text first, fall back to Google Cloud Vision for scanned
    or broken-OCR pages.
    """
    doc = fitz.open(str(path))
    page_count = len(doc)
    pages_text: list[str] = []

    for page_num in range(page_count):
        page = doc[page_num]
        text = page.get_text().strip()

        if len(text) > 50 and _text_quality_ok(text):
            pages_text.append(_fix_hebrew_quotes(text))
            logger.debug("Page %d: direct extraction (%d chars, quality OK)", page_num + 1, len(text))
        else:
            reason = "insufficient text" if len(text) <= 50 else "low quality OCR layer"
            logger.info("Page %d: Google Vision OCR (%s)", page_num + 1, reason)
            pix = page.get_pixmap(dpi=300)
            img_bytes = pix.tobytes("png")
            ocr_text = await asyncio.to_thread(
                _ocr_with_google_vision, img_bytes, page_num + 1
            )
            pages_text.append(ocr_text)

    doc.close()
    joined, offsets = _join_pages(pages_text)
    return joined, page_count, offsets


def page_at_offset(offset: int, page_offsets: list[int]) -> int:
    """Look up the page number containing a given char offset.

    page_offsets[i] is the start of page (i+1) in the joined text;
    a chunk starting at ``offset`` belongs to the highest-indexed page
    whose start is ``<= offset``. Returns 1-based page number.
    """
    if not page_offsets:
        return 1
    # Linear scan is fine — page_offsets is short (≤ ~200 for our PDFs).
    page = 1
    for i, start in enumerate(page_offsets):
        if start <= offset:
            page = i + 1
        else:
            break
    return page


def _ocr_with_google_vision(image_bytes: bytes, page_num: int) -> str:
    """OCR a single page image using Google Cloud Vision API."""
    from google.cloud import vision  # lazy: keeps MCP startup fast
    client = _get_vision_client()
    image = vision.Image(content=image_bytes)

    response = client.document_text_detection(
        image=image,
        image_context=vision.ImageContext(language_hints=["he"]),
    )

    if response.error.message:
        raise RuntimeError(
            f"Google Vision error on page {page_num}: {response.error.message}"
        )

    text = response.full_text_annotation.text if response.full_text_annotation else ""
    return _fix_hebrew_quotes(text)


def _extract_doc(path: Path) -> str:
    """Extract text from legacy .doc file by converting to .docx via LibreOffice."""
    with tempfile.TemporaryDirectory() as tmp_dir:
        # Isolate the LibreOffice user profile per call: headless soffice
        # locks a single shared profile, so concurrent .doc conversions would
        # otherwise fail with a profile-lock error.
        result = subprocess.run(
            [
                "libreoffice",
                f"-env:UserInstallation=file://{tmp_dir}/lo-profile",
                "--headless", "--convert-to", "docx", str(path), "--outdir", tmp_dir,
            ],
            capture_output=True, text=True, timeout=120,
        )
        if result.returncode != 0:
            raise RuntimeError(f"LibreOffice conversion failed: {result.stderr}")
        docx_path = Path(tmp_dir) / f"{path.stem}.docx"
        if not docx_path.exists():
            raise FileNotFoundError(f"Converted file not found: {docx_path}")
        return _extract_docx(docx_path)


def _extract_docx(path: Path) -> str:
    """Extract text from DOCX file."""
    doc = DocxDocument(str(path))
    paragraphs = [p.text for p in doc.paragraphs if p.text.strip()]
    return "\n\n".join(paragraphs)


def _extract_rtf(path: Path) -> str:
    """Extract text from RTF file."""
    rtf_content = path.read_text(encoding="utf-8", errors="replace")
    return rtf_to_text(rtf_content)


# ── Multimodal page rendering (V9) ───────────────────────────────


def _pixmap_to_pil(pix: fitz.Pixmap) -> Image.Image:
    """Convert a PyMuPDF pixmap to PIL.Image (RGB) without going through
    PNG bytes. Faster than tobytes('png') → Image.open()."""
    if pix.alpha:
        # Drop alpha channel — voyage multimodal expects RGB.
        pix = fitz.Pixmap(pix, 0)
    return Image.frombytes("RGB", (pix.width, pix.height), pix.samples)


def render_pages_for_multimodal(
    pdf_path: str | Path,
    embed_dpi: int,
    thumb_dpi: int | None = None,
    thumbnail_dir: Path | None = None,
) -> list[tuple[Image.Image, Path | None]]:
    """Render each PDF page as PIL.Image at ``embed_dpi`` for the
    multimodal embedder, and optionally save a smaller JPEG thumbnail
    at ``thumb_dpi`` to ``thumbnail_dir`` for UI preview.

    Returns ``[(pil_image, thumb_path_or_None), ...]`` in page order.
    The full-DPI image stays in memory only — only the thumbnail is
    persisted to disk.
    """
    src = Path(pdf_path)
    if not src.is_file():
        raise FileNotFoundError(f"PDF not found: {src}")
    if thumbnail_dir is not None:
        thumbnail_dir.mkdir(parents=True, exist_ok=True)

    out: list[tuple[Image.Image, Path | None]] = []
    doc = fitz.open(str(src))
    try:
        for page_idx, page in enumerate(doc):
            page_num = page_idx + 1
            pix = page.get_pixmap(dpi=embed_dpi)
            img = _pixmap_to_pil(pix)

            thumb_path: Path | None = None
            if thumbnail_dir is not None and thumb_dpi:
                thumb_path = thumbnail_dir / f"p{page_num:03d}.jpg"
                # Downsample the same render rather than re-rendering
                # with PyMuPDF — far faster.
                ratio = thumb_dpi / embed_dpi
                thumb_size = (
                    max(1, int(img.width * ratio)),
                    max(1, int(img.height * ratio)),
                )
                thumb = img.resize(thumb_size, Image.Resampling.LANCZOS)
                thumb.save(thumb_path, "JPEG", quality=75, optimize=True)

            out.append((img, thumb_path))
    finally:
        doc.close()
    return out


# ── Nevo preamble stripping ──────────────────────────────────────

_NEVO_MARKERS = ("ספרות:", "חקיקה שאוזכרה:", "מיני-רציו:", "פסקי דין שאוזכרו:",
                 "כתבי עת:", "הועתק מנבו")

# Markers for where the actual decision body begins (everything before is Nevo
# preamble: bibliography + מיני-רציו). Two families:
#   - ועדת ערר / district openings (בפנינו / הערר שבנדון / ...)
#   - COURT-RULING openings (#86.1): a פסק-דין header or the authoring judge's
#     line. Without these, Nevo court judgments — exactly the ones carrying a
#     מיני-רציו — slipped through unstripped (e.g. בג"ץ 1764/05).
#
# #86.2 hardening — two over-strip bugs found while backfilling:
#   1. ``פסק-דין`` headers are often markdown-wrapped (``**פסק  דין**``); the old
#      ``^פסק[- ]דין`` required the keyword to be the very first char of the line
#      and allowed only one separator, so it missed the header and fell through
#      to a citation 32K deep (עמ"נ 50567-07-21). We now tolerate leading
#      markdown/whitespace and 0-3 separators.
#   2. Bare ``השופט``/``הנשיא`` matched *citations* ("השופט מ' חשין, פסקה 23"),
#      stripping real decision body. The authoring-judge line ends with a COLON
#      ("השופט י' עמית:"); citations use a comma. We now require the colon.
_DECISION_START = re.compile(
    r"^[ \t>*_#]{0,6}(?:"
    r"בפנינו|לפנינו|לפניי|הערר שבנדון|ועדת הערר לתכנון|רקע עובדתי|עסקינן|"
    r"פסק[ \t\-]{0,3}די(?:ן|נו)|"  # פסק-דין / פסק דין / **פסק  דין** header (final-nun ן vs דינו)
    r"(?:כב(?:וד)?['׳\"]?\s*)?(?:ה?שופט[ת]?|ה?נשיא[ה]?|המשנה לנשיא)\s+[^\n,]{1,40}:"  # author line → colon
    r")",
    re.MULTILINE,
)


def strip_nevo_preamble(text: str) -> str:
    """Remove Nevo database preamble (bibliography, legislation, mini-ratio) from decision text.

    Returns the original text unchanged if no preamble is detected.
    """
    # Window wide enough to catch the Nevo markers even when a long court/parties
    # header precedes them (court rulings push חקיקה שאוזכרה:/מיני-רציו: down).
    head = text[:1500]
    if not any(marker in head for marker in _NEVO_MARKERS):
        return text
    m = _DECISION_START.search(text)
    if m and m.start() > 50:
        stripped = text[m.start():]
        logger.debug("Stripped %d chars of Nevo preamble", m.start())
        return stripped
    return text


_RATIO_MARKER = "מיני-רציו:"


def extract_nevo_ratio(text: str) -> str:
    """Return the Nevo מיני-רציו block (editorial holdings summary), or ''.

    The mini-ratio is Nevo's own headnote — a concise, professionally-written
    list of the holdings. We capture it *before* :func:`strip_nevo_preamble`
    discards it, to serve as a free gold-set for benchmarking how well our
    halacha extractor covers the real holdings (#86.3).

    The block runs from the ``מיני-רציו:`` marker to whichever comes first:
    the decision body (``_DECISION_START``) or the next preamble marker
    (bibliography / legislation). Returns '' when there is no mini-ratio.
    """
    if not text:
        return ""
    start = text.find(_RATIO_MARKER)
    if start == -1:
        return ""
    body = text[start + len(_RATIO_MARKER):]

    # End at the earliest of: decision body start, or a following preamble
    # marker (ספרות: / חקיקה שאוזכרה: / ...). Both are measured relative to
    # the ratio body so we never run past it into the judgment itself.
    end = len(body)
    dm = _DECISION_START.search(body)
    if dm:
        end = min(end, dm.start())
    for marker in _NEVO_MARKERS:
        if marker == _RATIO_MARKER:
            continue
        pos = body.find(marker)
        if pos != -1:
            end = min(end, pos)
    return body[:end].strip()