feat: Stage A finalizers + #35/#36/#37 — critical-gap closure

Four parallel sub-agents closed the remaining critical gaps from the
26/05 Stage A/B sprint. Each block independently tested; aggregated here.

## #30/#31 finalizers (sub-agent A)
* Auto-derive practice_area in case_create from case_number prefix
  (1xxx→rishuy_uvniya, 8xxx→betterment_levy, 9xxx→compensation_197);
  default for CaseCreateRequest is now "" (the DB constraint catches
  any stray "appeals_committee").
* practice_area.py: derive_subtype now handles axis-B domain values
  (rishuy_uvniya/betterment_levy/compensation_197) without parsing the
  case number; new helper derive_domain_practice_area().
* Halacha re-extraction verified unnecessary — all 6 reclassified
  records already had is_binding=false and approved halachot.
* Regression tests: 6 cases in tests/test_corpus_constraints.py
  covering practice_area enum, internal-committee chair/district,
  external-upload arar prefix, MCP guard.
* UI: district input → Select dropdown (7 districts) in
  precedent-edit-sheet.tsx, preserving legacy free-text values.

## #37 בל"מ subtypes (sub-agent B)
* 3 new appeal_subtypes: extension_request_{building_permit,
  betterment_levy,compensation}. APPEALS_COMMITTEE_SUBTYPES extended,
  SUBTYPES_BY_AREA mappings added.
* New helpers: is_blam_subject(), is_blam_subtype(),
  derive_subtype_with_blam(case_number, subject, practice_area).
  case_create now uses it to auto-detect "בקשה להארכת מועד" subjects.
* 3 methodology templates under docs/methodology/extension-request-*.md.
* paperclip_client.py mapping updated for the 3 new subtypes
  (extension_request_building_permit→CMP, the other two→CMPA).
* Frontend: bilingual "בל"מ" badge + filter dropdown on cases list +
  detail header; appeal-type-bars collapseBlam() merges בל"מ into its
  parent domain for aggregate bars.
* Wizard auto-detects בל"מ from subject during case creation.
* 3 Berlinger cases (1017/1018/1019-03-26) migrated to
  appeal_subtype=extension_request_building_permit via psql.

## #35 missing_precedents feature (sub-agent C)
* Schema V13: missing_precedents table (citation, case_id, party,
  legal_topic, status, linked_case_law_id, claim_quote, ...) +
  FK constraints + 3 indexes. Applied via psql + idempotent migration.
* 6 db.py service functions, 3 MCP tools, 6 FastAPI endpoints
  (POST/GET/PATCH/DELETE/upload — upload routes by citation prefix
  to ingest_internal_decision or ingest_precedent).
* Next.js page /missing-precedents with 5 status tabs + filters +
  sidebar badge counter + detail drawer with metadata edit + smart
  upload form that switches fields per committee/court.
* Bootstrap: 7 rows imported from the JSON file
  (3 citations × cases, all status=closed with linked_case_law_id).
* legal-researcher.md: new §2ב.5 with missing_precedent_create
  usage + dedup semantics + tool grant.

## #36 legal_arguments aggregation (sub-agent D)
* Schema V14: legal_arguments + legal_argument_propositions M:M.
  Applied via psql.
* New service argument_aggregator.py with two functions —
  aggregate_claims_to_arguments() (Claude CLI / claude_session) and
  get_legal_arguments(). Graceful llm_unavailable handling when CLI
  is missing (containers).
* 2 MCP tools + 2 API endpoints (POST .../aggregate-arguments as
  BackgroundTask, GET .../legal-arguments).
* Frontend: shadcn Accordion + new legal-arguments-panel.tsx with
  hierarchical (party → priority badge → arguments) display, "טיעונים"
  tab on the case page, "חשב/חשב מחדש" buttons.
* scripts/backfill_legal_arguments.py + SCRIPTS.md entry — dry-run
  found 8 candidate cases including 1017/1018/1019.

## Open follow-ups (intentionally deferred)
* npm run api:types in web-ui (CLAUDE.md flow) — recommended before
  the next UI commit; not required for backend deployment.
* Run backfill_legal_arguments.py --apply once the container picks up
  the new aggregator service.
* webhook on missing-precedents upload-close to Paperclip (optional).

Co-Authored-By: Claude Sonnet 4.6 <noreply@anthropic.com>

web-ui/src/components/cases/legal-arguments-panel.tsx

@@ -0,0 +1,222 @@
+"use client";
+
+import { useMemo } from "react";
+import {
+  Accordion,
+  AccordionContent,
+  AccordionItem,
+  AccordionTrigger,
+} from "@/components/ui/accordion";
+import { Badge } from "@/components/ui/badge";
+import { Button } from "@/components/ui/button";
+import { Card, CardContent } from "@/components/ui/card";
+import { Skeleton } from "@/components/ui/skeleton";
+import {
+  PARTY_LABELS_HE,
+  PRIORITY_LABELS_HE,
+  PRIORITY_ORDER,
+  useAggregateArguments,
+  useLegalArguments,
+  type LegalArgument,
+  type LegalArgumentParty,
+  type LegalArgumentPriority,
+} from "@/lib/api/legal-arguments";
+import { toast } from "sonner";
+import { Loader2, RefreshCw, Sparkles } from "lucide-react";
+
+const PRIORITY_BADGE_TONE: Record<LegalArgumentPriority, string> = {
+  threshold: "bg-danger-bg/60 text-danger-strong border-danger/40",
+  substantive: "bg-gold-soft/50 text-navy border-gold/40",
+  procedural: "bg-rule-soft text-ink border-rule",
+  relief: "bg-emerald-50 text-emerald-900 border-emerald-200",
+};
+
+function groupByPriority(
+  args: LegalArgument[],
+): Record<LegalArgumentPriority, LegalArgument[]> {
+  const out: Record<LegalArgumentPriority, LegalArgument[]> = {
+    threshold: [],
+    substantive: [],
+    procedural: [],
+    relief: [],
+  };
+  for (const a of args) {
+    (out[a.priority] ?? out.substantive).push(a);
+  }
+  for (const key of PRIORITY_ORDER) {
+    out[key].sort((x, y) => x.argument_index - y.argument_index);
+  }
+  return out;
+}
+
+type PartySectionProps = {
+  party: LegalArgumentParty;
+  args: LegalArgument[];
+};
+
+function PartySection({ party, args }: PartySectionProps) {
+  const grouped = useMemo(() => groupByPriority(args), [args]);
+  return (
+    <div className="space-y-3">
+      <div className="flex items-baseline justify-between border-b border-rule pb-2">
+        <h3 className="text-navy text-base font-semibold">
+          {PARTY_LABELS_HE[party] ?? party}
+        </h3>
+        <span className="text-ink-muted text-xs">
+          {args.length} טיעונים
+        </span>
+      </div>
+      {PRIORITY_ORDER.map((priority) => {
+        const list = grouped[priority];
+        if (!list?.length) return null;
+        return (
+          <div key={priority} className="space-y-1">
+            <div className="flex items-center gap-2">
+              <Badge
+                variant="outline"
+                className={`${PRIORITY_BADGE_TONE[priority]} text-xs`}
+              >
+                {PRIORITY_LABELS_HE[priority]}
+              </Badge>
+              <span className="text-ink-muted text-xs">
+                {list.length} טיעונים
+              </span>
+            </div>
+            <Accordion type="multiple" className="rounded-md border border-rule bg-surface">
+              {list.map((arg) => (
+                <AccordionItem key={arg.id} value={arg.id} className="px-3">
+                  <AccordionTrigger className="text-start">
+                    <div className="flex flex-1 flex-col items-start gap-1">
+                      <span className="text-navy text-sm font-medium leading-tight">
+                        {arg.argument_index}. {arg.argument_title}
+                      </span>
+                      {arg.legal_topic && (
+                        <span className="text-ink-muted text-xs">
+                          {arg.legal_topic}
+                        </span>
+                      )}
+                    </div>
+                  </AccordionTrigger>
+                  <AccordionContent>
+                    <div className="space-y-2 px-1">
+                      <p className="text-ink leading-relaxed whitespace-pre-line">
+                        {arg.argument_body}
+                      </p>
+                      {arg.supporting_claims.length > 0 && (
+                        <p className="text-ink-muted text-xs">
+                          מסתמך על {arg.supporting_claims.length} פרופוזיציות
+                          גולמיות.
+                        </p>
+                      )}
+                    </div>
+                  </AccordionContent>
+                </AccordionItem>
+              ))}
+            </Accordion>
+          </div>
+        );
+      })}
+    </div>
+  );
+}
+
+type LegalArgumentsPanelProps = {
+  caseNumber: string;
+};
+
+export function LegalArgumentsPanel({ caseNumber }: LegalArgumentsPanelProps) {
+  const { data, isPending, isError, error } = useLegalArguments(caseNumber);
+  const aggregate = useAggregateArguments(caseNumber);
+
+  const parties = useMemo<LegalArgumentParty[]>(() => {
+    if (!data?.by_party) return [];
+    const order: LegalArgumentParty[] = [
+      "appellant",
+      "respondent",
+      "committee",
+      "permit_applicant",
+      "unknown",
+    ];
+    return order.filter((p) => (data.by_party[p]?.length ?? 0) > 0);
+  }, [data]);
+
+  const handleAggregate = (force: boolean) => {
+    aggregate.mutate(force, {
+      onSuccess: () => {
+        toast.success(
+          force
+            ? "הופעלה חזרה חישוב טיעונים (force). יסתיים תוך דקה."
+            : "הופעל חישוב טיעונים. רענן בעוד דקה.",
+        );
+      },
+      onError: (e) => toast.error(`שגיאה: ${(e as Error).message}`),
+    });
+  };
+
+  return (
+    <Card className="bg-surface border-rule shadow-sm">
+      <CardContent className="px-6 py-5 space-y-4">
+        <div className="flex items-center justify-between flex-wrap gap-3">
+          <div>
+            <h2 className="text-navy text-base font-semibold">
+              טיעונים משפטיים
+            </h2>
+            <p className="text-ink-muted text-xs mt-0.5">
+              טיעונים מאוגדים מתוך הפרופוזיציות הגולמיות, מקובצים לפי צד וקדימות.
+            </p>
+          </div>
+          <div className="flex items-center gap-2">
+            <Button
+              variant="outline"
+              size="sm"
+              disabled={aggregate.isPending}
+              onClick={() => handleAggregate(false)}
+            >
+              {aggregate.isPending ? (
+                <Loader2 className="w-3.5 h-3.5 animate-spin me-1.5" />
+              ) : (
+                <Sparkles className="w-3.5 h-3.5 me-1.5" />
+              )}
+              חשב טיעונים
+            </Button>
+            <Button
+              variant="ghost"
+              size="sm"
+              disabled={aggregate.isPending || !data?.total}
+              onClick={() => handleAggregate(true)}
+              title="חישוב מחדש (מוחק טיעונים קיימים)"
+            >
+              <RefreshCw className="w-3.5 h-3.5" />
+            </Button>
+          </div>
+        </div>
+
+        {isPending ? (
+          <div className="space-y-2">
+            <Skeleton className="h-6 w-48" />
+            <Skeleton className="h-20 w-full" />
+            <Skeleton className="h-20 w-full" />
+          </div>
+        ) : isError ? (
+          <p className="text-danger text-sm">
+            שגיאה בטעינת טיעונים: {(error as Error).message}
+          </p>
+        ) : !data?.total ? (
+          <p className="text-ink-muted text-sm">
+            אין טיעונים מאוגדים עדיין. לחץ "חשב טיעונים" כדי להריץ את ה-aggregator.
+          </p>
+        ) : (
+          <div className="space-y-6">
+            {parties.map((party) => (
+              <PartySection
+                key={party}
+                party={party}
+                args={data.by_party[party] ?? []}
+              />
+            ))}
+          </div>
+        )}
+      </CardContent>
+    </Card>
+  );
+}